KARUNIASTUTI, NURHENU (2003) MINIMISASI POTENSI PENCEMARAN ALUMINIUM DAN LIMBAH AIR BACK WASH FILTER DI PUSDIKLAT MIGAS CEPU (Studi Kasus : Unit Pengolahan Air Minum). Masters thesis, Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Diponegoro.
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Abstract
Oil and Gas Training Centre, Cepu, has several activities such as water treatment which procceses waste water and also causes environmental pollution since it uses chemical. In the water treatment, there are a lot of equipment needed, one of which is Sand Filter. This equipment is used to filter the water in order to make it clean and drinkable. As days go on, the filter in the sand filter becomes dirty. Therefore, it needs to be cleaned by clean water. The need of "Clean Water" is about 180 m3 to back wash for 5 filters. There are 14 units of filter in Sand Filter. Each day the back wash of 5 filters is done, and each filter needs 36 m3 of water for 1 hours. Hence, the need of Aluminium Sulphate is also quite a lot. The back wash waste water is sometimes thrown into "Bak Segaran" and sometimes it is also thrown into Bengawan Solo. Since the sediment of the back wash waste water contains Aluminium for about 113.656 mg/kg, it will pollute the environment. The problems that may raise now is that three are no efforts to minimize the back wash waste water, to minimize the use of the Aluminium Sulphate in the water treatment and to recycle back wash waste water its sediment for rebacking wash Concerning the problems, this research is done in order to minimize the use of the back wash waste water to become clean water and to reduce the use Aluminium Sulphate by "recycling" the back wash waste sediment and raw water in "Bak Segaran". Based on the result of the research in the laboratory and the calculation, it can be concluded that : by recycling the sediment which is mixed with raw water with the ratio volume of 50 : 50; 25 : 75; 10 : 90 and Aluminium Sulphate blend at 45 ppm and 60 ppm and 85 ppm, the clean water with the turbidity of 23 NTU and pH 7,36; 20 NTU and pH 7,24; and also 24 NTU and pH 7,29 can be produced. Clean water produced by settling the back wash waste water without using the Aluminium Sulphate in the water tank for about 2 'A hours with pH = 6,5 — 9 and turbidity< 25 NTU (standard quality for clean water). The water tank is designed to have a measurement of 9 m x 9 m x 4 m with the cost of Rp 138.650.000,00. Pusdiklat Migas Cepu mempunyai berbagai kegiatan antara lain pengolahan air minum, yang dalam kegiatannya akan menghasilkan limbah cair dan pencemaran lingkungan karena penggunaan bahan kimia untuk proses penjernihannya. Dalam kegiatan pengolahan air minum proses yang dilakukan memerlukan beberapa that antara lain adalah Sand Filter. Sand Filter ini dipakai untuk menyaring air agar menjadi bersih dan memenuhi syarat sebagai air minum. "Filter" pada Sand Filter ini dengan berjalannya waktu akan menjadi kotor. Oleh karena itu "filter" tersebut hams dicuci dengan air yang dinamakan air bersih. Kebutuhan air untuk pencucian filter + 180 m3 untuk 5 buah filter. Terdapat 14 unit filter. Setiap hari dilakukan pencucian sebanyak 5 buah filter dan setiap filter membutuhkan 36 m2 air dengan waktu pencucian 1 jam. Dengan demikian kebutuhan Aluminium Sulfat untuk penjemihan air ini cukup besar Disamping itu limbah air back wash tersebut dibuang begitu saja ke bak segaran dan sebagian lagi ke Sungai Bengawan Solo, padahal endapan dari limbah air back wash tersebut mengandung kadar Aluminium sebanyak + 113.656 mg/kg yang akan mencemari lingkungan. Masalah yang timbul adalah belum ada minimisasi limbah air back wash dan pemakaian Aluminium Sulfat dalam proses penjemihan air bersih tersebut serta pemanfaatan kembali limbah air back wash dan endapannya untuk kegiatan yang sama di Unit Pengolahan Air Minum. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengurangi pemakaian air back wash dengan cara me "recycle" limbah air back wash menjadi air bersih dan mereduksi pemakaian Aluminium Sulfat dengan me "recycle" endapan limbah air back wash dan air baku dari Bak Segaran. Dari hasil penelitian di laboratorium dan perhitungan dapat disimpulkan bahwa : dengan mendaur ulang lumpur yang kemudian dicampur dengan air baku dengan rasio volume 50 : 50; 25 :75; 10 : 90 dan penambahan larutan Aluminium Sulfat 45 ppm dan 60 ppm dan 85 ppm, masih bisa dihasilkan air bersih dengan turbidity 23 NTU dan pH 7,3; turbidity 20 NTU dan pH 7,24 ; turbidity 24 NTU dan pH 7,29. Air bersih dapat dihasilkan dengan mengendapkan limbah air back wash tanpa Aluminium Sulfat dalam bak tandon rata-rata selama 2 'A jam dengan pH = 6,5 — 9 dan turbidity< 25 NTU (baku mutu air bersih). Bak tandon yang direncanakan dengan ukuran 9mx9mx4m senilai Rp. 138.650.000,00.
Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
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Subjects: | G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences |
Divisions: | School of Postgraduate (mixed) > Doctor Program in Environmental Science |
ID Code: | 11331 |
Deposited By: | Mr UPT Perpus 5 |
Deposited On: | 24 May 2010 16:59 |
Last Modified: | 24 May 2010 16:59 |
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