PENGARUH BUDAYA TRADISIONAL BALI TERHADAP PERUBAHAN PERUMAHAN PERUM PERUMNAS DI KOTA AMLAPURA

Abstract

Refer to supply side, housing for machinery topics on urban is related to quantity, quality and low purchasing ability of people. Housing development for machinery is efforts to attain a certain aim in human's life. The Government has found National Housing Authority (Perumnas) based on government regulation No. 29/1974 junco PP No. 12 /1988, responsibility in people provision of housing as a duty. Provision of National Housing Authority till 61" of five years development planning, has built 457525 units of house in whole province, including on Amlapura city, capital of Karangasem regency province of Bali, result standard finished product. Meanwhile from demand side, Balinese conviction and believe to traditional housing as shape into which Balinese traditional culture, housing demand for rituals/religion based on philosophy, concepts and values. -. Built on 7,68 Ha area, National Housing Authority of Amlapura has built 611 unit of houses which are: 412 unit RSS, 120 RS D21 and 29 unit RS D36, sets a side for public facility, such as; pure, mosque, church, kindergarten, elementary school, public health service, court and public meeting room. The owner, (77,5%) Hindu Religion, after several times lived in there adjustment the meaning of housing. The problem that want to be reveal on this research, National Housing Authority (supply side) as provider, preparing typical housing after lived in has change (housing adjustment). Balinese (demand side) convinced and believe that traditional housing is appropriate on traditional cultural demand based on Hinduism, house as daily place of activities, religion and tradition. Shelter is not only somewhere to live, but also social needs that could give motivation, (housing is a process), done changing house, it means lavish investment. Hence the question of this research: "how long the Balinese traditional culture of cultural influence about housing change of National Housing Authority in Amlapura. The purpose of research is reciting the change housing of National Housing Authority in Amlapura city and significantly to Balinese traditional influence. 'Supported by literature recite housing and Balinese traditional culture, it has done by descriptive methods, through quantitative and qualitative analysis. The qualitative analysis is used to recite the changing of housing related to householder need, and quantitative analysis to measure significantly between influence factor with cross tabs methods, Chi Square and contingent coefficient The altering of house reaches out for (91,6%), (63,4%) by extension and 28.2% remodel, meanwhile changing of housing area that figures from change of public facility, includes: Balai RT, Pura, Kindergarten, 4 unit playground and a half court become Bale Banjar and Pura Banjar. The reason why householders change their home, (52,1%) they said because religion and traditional values, and cause of public facility change (53,5%) because traditional needs. The result of research shows that the change of house because need of religion's space for activities and substitution sanggah/pemerajaan was going on, include traditional values adjusment. The changing housing area because society system, activities and religion that social facility. The changing of housing area because of system society, activities and religion that need civil society facilities need Bale Banjar and Pura Banjar appropriate traditional housing's factors. Changing of housing strongly significant with traditional Balinese's culture. The conclusion, there were obtained Balinese traditional influence with changing of housing National Housing Authority of Amlapura city, both of inside or outside of housing area. Our recommendation is: National Housing Authority more concern to local traditional values in house provision, especially in Bali which the need of housing provision in house and space culture is basic need. For local government, performed Tri Hita Karana Concept which more technical in order to be direction refer to space arrangement planning, physical planning and Built Building License (1MB) Publication. For future research, study of minimum limits the need of sanggah/pemerajan in house, and study of effective scope area in whole community of village or banjar are going on. Rumah sebagai kebutuhan dasar di perkotaan, dari sisi persediaan (supply side) menghadapi masalah berkaitan dengan kuantitas, kualitas sena rendahnya daya bell masyarakat Pembangunan perumahan adalah upaya memenuhi kelmluhan pritner manusia yaint papan yang memiliki fungsi dan peranan penting dalanz kehidupan manusia. Pemerintah mendirikan Perum Perumnas dengan PP No. 29/1974 junto PP Nomor 12 Tahun 1988, bertugas dan bertanggung jawab dalam pengadaan perumahan bagi masyarakat berpenghasilan menengah ke bawah. Pengadaan perumahan Perum Perumnas sampai dengan Pelita VI, menghasilkan rumah sehanyak 457.525 unit di seiuruh Indonesia termasuk di Kota Amlapura Ibukota Kabupaten Karangasem Propinsi Bali, dengan menghasilkan perumahan standard (finished product). Sementara dari sisi permintaan (demand side), orang Bali yang beragama Hindu memiliki keyakinan dan kepercayaan terhadap perumahan tradisional sebagai wujud budaya tradisional Bali, kebutuhan perumahan untuk- kegiatan ritual/agama dilandasi filosofi, konsepsi dan nilai-nilai. Petnbangunan perumahan Perron Perumnas di Kota Amlapura di alas lahan 7,68 Ha, membangun 611 unit rumah terdiri dari; 412 unit tipe RSS 21, 170 unit lipe RS D21 dan 29 unit RS D36, dengan menyediakan lahatz wank fasilitas umunt, seperti; /empat ibadah (Pura, Mesjid dan Gereja), Taman kanak—kanak, SD, Puskesmas, tempat bermain, lapangan olah raga dan halal pertemuan. Pemilik, sebagian besar (77,5%) beragama Hindu, setelah dihuni dalam perIcembangannya perumahan mengalami perubahan. Permasalahan yang diungkap dalam penelitian ini, Perum Perumnas (supply side) sebagai provider, menyediakan perumahan standard (typikal) setelah dihuni mengalami perubahan (housing adjusment). Orang Bali (demand side) memiliki keyakinan dan kepercayaan terhadap perumahan tradisional sesuai kebutuhan budaya tradisional yang dilandasi agama Hindu, rumah sebagai wadah aktivitas kegiatan sehari-hari, agama dan adat. Perumahan bukan sekedar tempat berlindung tapi kebutuhan sosial yang dapat memberikan spirit atm motivasi (housing is a process), dilakukan perubahan rumah, yang berarti pemborosan invesiast Judi pe•tanyaan penelitian: "sejauh mama pengaruh budaya tradisional Bali terhadap perubahan perumahan Perum Perumnas di Kota Amlapura. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji perubahan perumahan Perum Perumnas di Kota Amlapura dan keterkaitannya dengan pengaruh budaya tradisional Bali. Dengan didukutzg kaftan literatur perumahan dan budaya tradisional Bali, penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode Deskriplif, melalui analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisis kualitatif unlink mengkaji perubahan perumahan berkailan dengan kebutuhan penghuni, dan analisis kuantitatif untuk melihat keterkaitan dan kuatnya faktor pengaruh dilakukan dengan cara Crosstab, Chi Square dan Koefisien Kotztingensi. perubahan rumah yang terjadi mencapai 91,6%, diantaranya (63,4%) dengan perluasan dan (28,2%) dengan perombakan, sedangkan perztbahan kawasan perumahan yang dilihat dari perubahan fasilitas unzum, meliputi; Balai RT, Pura, Taman Kanak-kanak, 4 unit Tempat bermain dan sebagian lapangan olah raga menjadi Bale banjar dan Pura banjar Alasan penghuni merubah rumah, sebagian besar (52,1%) karena agama dam nilai-nilai tradisional dan penyebab perubahan fasilitas umum (53,5%) karena kebutuhan adat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, terjadi perubahan rumah akibat kebutuhan ruang kegiatan keagamaan dengan tambahan Sanggah/Pemerajan, jziga untuk menyesuaikan dengan nilai-nilai tradisional. Sedangkan perubahan kawasan perumahan akibat dari Astern kentasyarakatatt, kegiatan kemasyarakatan dan keagamaan yang membutuhkan fasilitas sosial kemasyamkatan Bale banjar dan Pura banjar seswai dengan .faktor-faktor perumahan tradisional. Perubahan rumah sangat erat kaitantzycz dengan budaya tradisional Kesimpulan, terdapat pengaruh budaya tradisional Bali terhadap perubahan perumahan Perum Per di Kola Amlapura, balk datum rumah maupun terhadap kawasan perumahan. Rekomendasi yang di berikan, critical lain: untuk Perum Perumnas dalam pengadaan perumahan agar memperhatikan nilai¬nilai budaya lokal, khususnya di Bali kebutuhan ruang. budaya dalam rumah adalah sebagai kebutuhan dasar. Sedangkan untuk Pemerintah Kabupaten agar dilakukan penjaharan konsep Tri Hilo Karam yang lehih bersifat teknis ?mink dapat dijadikan arahan dalam perencanaan mla ruang„ perencanaan fisik dan penerbitan IMB. Dan untuk pengembangan penelitian lanjulan, agar dilakukan studi balasan minimal kebuitzhatt twang temper! Scrnggah/Pemerajan dalam rumah, .serta sludi Masan wilayah efektif .sane kesatuan komunitas desa atau banjar