BENTUK PENGKAPLINGAN PADA PERMUKIMAN KOTA DIATAS PERAIRAN SUNGAI DI KAMPUNG BETING, KOTA PONTIANAK

Abstract

One of the shanty towns being of continued concern to the Pontianak Municipality Government is the area of on and over the water living quarters of Kampung Beting, Kelurahan Dalam Bugis, Kecamatan of East Pontianak. This Kampung Beting forms the result of the development of a traditional form of organic settlement built on and over the water of the river, showing all the characteristic peculiarities of such a kampong, having developed along with the growth of the town of Pontianak and giving this town the identity of a 'water town'. One of the government's development programs through improvement of physical infrastructures in order to attain betterment of environmental conditions in Kampung Beting, has in its implementation been impeded by the fact that the status of the present site-parcels of the houses are not secured by the required and customary official certificates. The fundamental difficulty in this case is the fact that legislature regulating water towns are still lacking. Therefore this study is concerned with the various housing site-parceling forms or site acquisition of on and over the water housing in Kampung Beting and all the factors governing the development of such on the water site-parcels. The present study has been evolved through the descriptive method through observing physical traces and evolution traces. The descriptive method is to find solutions as to the problems confronted by analyzing various phenomena encountered in the field gained by local direct observations. This serves to attain a systematical view of setting conditions, to find the essential meaning of various actions and performances observed. From these traces an idea is to be formed of what is meant to be gained from them. The conclusion arrived at shows that the (former) Sultanate of Pontianak had been of decisive influence in the design of site-parceling in the beginning of this water town growth. It turned out that the site-parceling had not been designed by the needs of house sitting, but actually had been affected by building shape and size. The vertical structure formed by the house buildings which includes some storied houses, has in fact not been of influence on the shape and size of the parcels. That is because these storied houses form a consequence of limitations dictated by the size of parcels which can not accommodate horizontal enlargement of buildings in these already crowded sites, except in the event that some front open space is still available. The recommendation thus arrived at now advises that the issuance of site certificates should be based on a comprehensive plan to be introduced by the local government regulating land / site utilization, with due consideration re the ancient historical development of Kampung Beting as being the home for community with peculiar customs and traditions for occupying on-the-water towns where the environment conditions are dictated by tidewater, with riverfront or waterfront as building images.